Engineering and Medical Sciences: Iran has a strong academic tradition in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), especially in engineering, medicine, nanotechnology, and pharmaceuticals. Universities like Sharif University of Technology and Tehran University of Medical Sciences are highly regarded.
Islamic Studies and Persian Literature: Iran is a global center for Shi'a Islamic scholarship and Persian cultural studies, making it an ideal place to study theology, Islamic philosophy, and Persian literature in depth.
Tuition fees and the cost of living in Iran are significantly lower than in many Western or even regional countries.
Public universities are often subsidized, and scholarships may be available for international students.
Iran has a deep and continuous cultural history dating back thousands of years, including the Persian Empire, Zoroastrianism, Islamic civilization, and significant contributions to art, architecture, and literature.
Cities like Isfahan, Shiraz, and Yazd are cultural treasures and offer firsthand exposure to ancient traditions and historical sites.
Iran is increasingly looking to expand its academic partnerships, particularly with countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Many Iranian universities have collaboration programs and MOUs with institutions worldwide, offering opportunities for joint research.
Studying in Iran is a great opportunity to learn Persian (Farsi), a significant regional language with rich literary and cultural importance.
Some universities also offer programs in English, especially at the postgraduate level.
For students interested in international relations, Middle Eastern politics, or global studies, studying in Iran provides a rare, ground-level perspective on regional issues and global dynamics.
Despite political tensions in the region, Iranian people are known for their warmth and hospitality toward foreigners.
Many international students report feeling safe and welcomed during their stay.
Language Barrier: While some courses are in English, many undergraduate programs are taught in Persian.
Cultural and Legal Norms: Iran has strict cultural and legal codes (especially regarding dress, gender relations, and political expression) that international students must respect.
Visa and Political Restrictions: Depending on your nationality, obtaining a visa and navigating international sanctions may require planning.
a. Pre-primary Education (Koodakestan)
Age: 4–6 years
Optional stage that prepares children for primary school
b. Primary Education (Dabestan)
Age: 6–12 years (Grades 1–6)
Compulsory
Focuses on basic literacy, numeracy, and social skills
c. Lower Secondary Education (Rahnamayi)
Age: 12–15 years (Grades 7–9)
Introduces general academic subjects and begins career guidance
d. Upper Secondary Education (Dabirestan)
Age: 15–18 years (Grades 10–12)
Students choose one of the following tracks:
Academic (Mathematics, Science, Humanities)
Technical and Vocational
Ends with the Konkur, the national university entrance exam
a. University Entrance
Admission is based on performance in the highly competitive Konkur exam
Students with higher scores can enter top universities and prestigious programs
b. Types of Higher Education Institutions
Public Universities (e.g., University of Tehran, Sharif University of Technology)
Private Universities (e.g., Islamic Azad University)
Technical and Vocational Training Centers
Medical Universities (overseen by the Ministry of Health)
c. Degree Structure
Associate Degree (Kardani): 2 years
Bachelor’s Degree (Karshenasi): 4 years
Master’s Degree (Karshenasi Arshad): 2 years
Doctoral Degree (Ph.D. or M.D.): 3 to 6 years depending on the field
Persian (Farsi) is the main language of instruction
Some graduate programs, especially in science and engineering, offer courses in English
Iran places strong emphasis on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
It has a high number of university graduates in these fields and is active in scientific research and innovation
Religious studies are part of the national curriculum at all levels
Islamic principles influence educational content, especially in humanities and social sciences
Education is segregated by gender at most levels
However, both men and women have high participation rates in higher education, with women often outnumbering men in many academic disciplines
Issues such as overcrowded classes, outdated curricula, and political influence have been points of concern
The government has introduced reforms to modernize the system and align it with international standards
Affordable Education: Tuition fees and living costs are considerably lower than in many Western or Asian countries.
Strong Academic Fields: Iran excels in engineering, medical sciences, nanotechnology, pharmaceuticals, Islamic theology, and Persian studies.
Cultural and Religious Studies: For those studying Islamic philosophy or Middle Eastern history, Iran offers direct access to authentic resources and scholars.
Strategic Location: Iran is a geopolitical hub, offering a unique vantage point for students of international relations, politics, and economics.
Growing International Collaborations: Iranian universities are building partnerships with institutions across Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Engineering (Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Computer Science)
Medicine and Dentistry
Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences
Islamic Theology and Philosophy
Persian Language and Literature
Middle Eastern Studies and Political Science
University of Tehran – The country's oldest and most prestigious university
Sharif University of Technology – Known for engineering and technology
Tehran University of Medical Sciences – Among the best in medical education
Amirkabir University of Technology – Strong in applied sciences
Islamic Azad University – Large network of campuses with international programs
Persian (Farsi) is the primary language of instruction
Some postgraduate and specialized programs are offered in English
Many universities provide language preparation courses for international students
Academic transcripts from previous education
Valid passport and visa
Language proficiency: May need to show Farsi or English proficiency, depending on the program
Medical fitness certificate
Some programs (especially medicine) may require entrance exams or interviews
Apply to the university and receive an admission letter
Submit documents to the Iranian embassy or consulate in your country
Receive a student visa (Type S) after security and academic clearance
Indian students typically apply through the Iranian Embassy in New Delhi or Consulate in Mumbai or Hyderabad.
Tuition fees: Vary by program and university; generally affordable
Living expenses: Estimated at $250–500/month depending on city and lifestyle
Scholarships:
Offered by Iranian government and universities
Some scholarships cover full tuition, accommodation, and living costs
Often targeted at students from developing countries and Muslim-majority nations
Accommodation: University dormitories or private housing options are available
Cultural adaptation: Iran is hospitable, but international students must respect local customs and laws
Safety: Generally safe for students, but political tensions may require situational awareness
Work opportunities are limited for international students in Iran due to legal and language constraints
Many students use their degree to advance careers in academia, research, or government back home
Iranian degrees, especially in medicine and engineering, are respected in many countries across Asia and Africa
Iran has some of the best medical universities in the Middle East, with modern hospitals, research facilities, and experienced faculty.
General Medicine (MBBS)
Dentistry
Pharmacy
Nursing and Midwifery
Public Health
Medical Laboratory Sciences
Biomedical Sciences
Top Universities:
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Engineering is one of the strongest academic fields in Iran, and Iranian engineers are highly respected in global industries and academia.
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Mechatronics and Robotics
Top Universities:
Sharif University of Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, University of Tehran
Iran is a leading center for Shi’a Islamic scholarship and offers in-depth academic and religious studies for students from Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries alike.
Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh)
Quranic Studies
Islamic Philosophy
Comparative Religion
Islamic History
Top Institutions:
Al-Mustafa International University (Qom), University of Religions and Denominations
Iran is the best place to study Persian (Farsi) due to its linguistic and cultural richness. Students interested in literature, linguistics, and translation often choose this field.
Persian Language and Linguistics
Classical and Modern Persian Literature
Translation Studies
Comparative Literature
Top Universities:
University of Tehran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Allameh Tabataba'i University
For students interested in Middle Eastern politics, diplomacy, or regional security, studying in Iran provides a unique insider perspective.
Middle Eastern Studies
International Relations
Strategic Studies
Political Philosophy
Top Universities:
University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabataba’i University
Iran has made significant strides in research, particularly in nanotechnology, nuclear physics, and environmental sciences.
Physics
Mathematics
Chemistry
Nanotechnology
Earth Sciences
Top Universities:
Sharif University of Technology, University of Tehran, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
Iran’s ancient architectural heritage and modern urban development make this a compelling field for both theory and practical studies.
Architecture
Urban Planning
Landscape Architecture
Heritage Conservation
Top Universities:
Iran University of Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University
Iran's diverse climate and strong agricultural sector support advanced study and research in agricultural engineering, irrigation, and sustainability.
Agricultural Engineering
Soil and Water Sciences
Plant Sciences
Environmental Engineering
Food Technology
Top Universities:
University of Tehran (College of Agriculture), Shiraz University, Isfahan University of Technology
The Iranian government offers scholarships to international students through the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (for medical fields).
These scholarships typically cover:
Full tuition fees
Accommodation
Monthly stipend (for living expenses)
Persian language training
Medical insurance
Eligibility often depends on:
Academic merit
Field of study (priority fields include engineering, science, Persian studies, and Islamic studies)
Country of origin (students from countries with friendly diplomatic relations are prioritized)
Al-Mustafa University is known for offering free education to students in:
Islamic theology
Comparative religion
Persian language
Philosophy and religious studies
Benefits:
Free tuition
Free housing
Monthly stipend
Health insurance
Travel assistance
This university attracts thousands of students from countries like India, Nigeria, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Lebanon.
Some Iranian universities offer their own internal scholarships or fee waivers for top-performing international students.
Examples:
University of Tehran
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Sharif University of Technology
These may cover partial or full tuition and sometimes housing.
In some cases, students can enroll in research-based or government-subsidized programs that do not charge tuition, especially in postgraduate science and engineering fields.
Requirements:
Strong academic background
Research proposal or faculty recommendation
Proficiency in Persian or English, depending on the program
Students interested in religious education, Shi’a studies, or Persian language and culture may find fully funded programs through:
Cultural centers
Religious seminaries
Government-sponsored language institutes
Iranian universities have signed academic exchange agreements (MOUs) with institutions in:
India
Iraq
Afghanistan
Syria
Lebanon
African countries
These agreements often allow students to study for free or at reduced costs through bilateral educational cooperation.
Several Iranian institutions offer free or subsidized Persian language courses for foreign students, often with the goal of preparing them for further academic study.
Institutions offering this include:
University of Tehran (International Center for Persian Studies)
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Saadi Foundation (offers scholarships for language students)
Apply early: Most scholarships have fixed annual deadlines, usually in spring or early summer.
Choose relevant fields: Islamic studies, engineering, medical sciences, and Persian studies are more likely to receive funding.
Demonstrate need or merit: Include strong academic records and motivation letters.
Learn Persian (Farsi): Some scholarships require language proficiency or provide courses for it.
Even if you study for free, you may still need to cover:
Visa fees
Travel/airfare
Initial living expenses (if the stipend starts after arrival)
Personal items and materials
Immersion in the language and culture
Exposure to Persian literature, poetry, and media
Opportunities to practice with native speakers
Access to primary Islamic and historical texts in their original language
Career or academic advancement in diplomacy, translation, Middle Eastern studies, or Islamic studies
Known as Dehkhoda Institute
Offers beginner to advanced levels of Persian
Intensive and regular programs (short-term and long-term)
Offers certificates upon completion
Hosts many international students, scholars, and diplomats
Offers comprehensive language training programs
Includes cultural immersion, trips, and interactions with locals
Suitable for both academic and casual learners
Offers Persian programs for international students
Often combined with religious or cultural studies
Iran’s official institution for promoting the Persian language worldwide
Provides support and scholarships for foreign students
Organizes short-term Persian courses, summer schools, and language immersion programs
Offers free Persian courses for international students, especially those pursuing Islamic studies
Includes basic language training along with cultural orientation
Intensive courses (1–3 months)
Semester or year-long programs
Academic Persian (for researchers and students)
Conversational Persian (for travelers or casual learners)
Online courses (offered by Saadi Foundation and Dehkhoda Institute)
Reading and writing Persian script
Listening and speaking
Persian grammar and vocabulary
Persian literature and poetry (intermediate/advanced)
Cultural lessons and historical context
Valid passport
Application form and academic background (not always required for language-only courses)
Motivation letter (sometimes)
Student visa (Type S), issued after acceptance
Tuition: Varies by institution and duration (approx. $300–$1,200 per course)
Free or subsidized programs:
Offered by Al-Mustafa University, Saadi Foundation, and sometimes Dehkhoda Institute
Scholarships may cover tuition, accommodation, and living expenses
Accommodation: University dormitories or rented apartments
Living cost: Affordable; approx. $250–500 per month
Safety: Iran is generally safe for students; locals are hospitable
Cultural adjustment: Students should respect local customs, laws, and dress codes
Researchers in Islamic or Middle Eastern studies
Students preparing to study in Persian-language university programs
Diplomats, translators, or journalists
Anyone interested in Persian culture, poetry, and literature
Top-ranking universities in Iran
Advanced research and academic infrastructure
Wide range of programs in medicine, engineering, humanities, and Islamic studies
Exposure to Iran’s dynamic culture, art, politics, and history
Affordable tuition and cost of living compared to Western countries
Opportunities for language and cultural immersion
Iran’s oldest and most prestigious university
Offers programs in engineering, humanities, law, science, Islamic studies, and Persian literature
Hosts many international students, with a dedicated International Campus
Iran’s leading institution for science, technology, and engineering
Highly competitive, with a strong focus on research and innovation
Offers select programs in English for international students
Top medical university in Iran
Offers MBBS, dentistry, pharmacy, and allied health sciences
International campus with English-medium programs
Specializes in humanities, social sciences, and foreign languages
Strong programs in economics, international relations, and linguistics
Offers a wide range of programs in law, science, business, and political science
Known for legal studies and public policy research
Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy
Engineering and Technology
Islamic Theology and Philosophy
Persian Language and Literature
Political Science and International Relations
Environmental and Earth Sciences
Architecture and Urban Planning
Most undergraduate programs are in Persian (Farsi)
Postgraduate and medical courses may be offered in English
Persian language preparation programs are available at major universities
Many universities in Tehran offer scholarships to international students:
Full or partial tuition waivers
Accommodation support
Monthly stipends for top students
Special scholarships for students from developing countries, especially in Asia and Africa
Example:
TUMS offers a scholarship for MBBS and other health programs covering tuition and living costs
Accommodation: University dorms or private housing
Transportation: Extensive metro, bus, and taxi system; student discounts available
Cultural Life: Museums, art galleries, cafes, historical sites (e.g., Golestan Palace, Grand Bazaar)
Safety: Tehran is generally safe, but students are expected to follow local laws and cultural norms
Cost of Living: Approximately $300–600 per month depending on lifestyle
Student visa (Type S) is required
Process involves:
Gaining admission to a Tehran-based university
Submitting documents to the Iranian embassy or consulate
Receiving visa approval through coordination between the university and Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Students interested in Middle Eastern politics, Islamic studies, and Persian culture
Aspiring doctors, engineers, or researchers looking for affordable education
Learners seeking a unique cultural and academic experience in one of the region’s intellectual capitals
Tuition fees vary based on:
Field of study
University type (public or private)
Level of education (undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral)
Medium of instruction (English programs are often more expensive)
Program/Field |
Public Universities |
Private/International Universities |
|---|---|---|
|
Undergraduate (BA/BSc) |
$600 – $1,500 |
$1,200 – $3,000 |
|
Master’s Programs (MA/MSc) |
$800 – $2,000 |
$1,500 – $3,500 |
|
PhD Programs |
$1,200 – $3,000 |
$2,000 – $5,000 |
|
Medical (MBBS, Dentistry) |
$3,000 – $6,000 |
$4,000 – $7,000 |
|
Persian Language Courses |
$300 – $800 per term |
Often subsidized |
Note: Some universities, like Al-Mustafa International University (Qom), offer free tuition for specific religious and Persian language programs.
Living in Iran is generally inexpensive for international students, especially compared to Western or Gulf countries.
Expense Category |
Average Monthly Cost |
|---|---|
|
Accommodation (Dorm) |
$50 – $150 |
|
Private Apartment |
$150 – $300 |
|
Food & Groceries |
$100 – $200 |
|
Transportation |
$10 – $30 |
|
Internet & Utilities |
$20 – $40 |
|
Personal Expenses |
$30 – $100 |
|
Total (approx.) |
$250 – $600 |
Cost-saving tips:
University dormitories are much cheaper than private rentals
Use public transportation (Tehran’s metro is efficient and affordable)
Local markets offer fresh and cheap food
Visa fee: $40–100 depending on your country
Health insurance: Around $50–100/year (may be covered by scholarships)
Books and materials: $50–100 per semester
Flight ticket: Varies; from India, approx. $300–500 round-trip
Iran offers several scholarships for international students:
Government scholarships (Ministry of Science, Ministry of Health)
University-specific scholarships
Religious or cultural scholarships (e.g., Al-Mustafa International University)
Scholarships often cover:
Full or partial tuition
Accommodation
Monthly stipend
Health insurance
International students are not officially permitted to work off-campus
However, some universities may offer part-time roles, teaching or research assistantships
Many students rely on scholarships or personal funding
Must have completed 12 years of schooling (higher secondary or equivalent)
Minimum GPA or academic performance as set by the university
Some programs may require a basic entrance test or interview
Bachelor’s degree in a relevant field from a recognized university
Academic transcripts and proof of graduation
Minimum GPA requirement (varies by university and program, typically 2.5–3.0 on a 4.0 scale)
Master’s degree in a relevant field
Research proposal and academic publications (in some cases)
Letters of recommendation from academic referees
Some programs may require an entrance exam or interview
Most undergraduate and some postgraduate programs are taught in Persian (Farsi)
Students must demonstrate proficiency or attend a Persian language preparatory course
Available mainly at the postgraduate level and in medical sciences or engineering
Universities may require:
IELTS (typically 5.5–6.5)
TOEFL (minimum score varies)
Or proof of previous education in English
Completed university application form
Passport copy (valid for at least one year)
Recent passport-sized photos
Academic transcripts and certificates (with official translation into Persian or English)
Language proficiency certificate (Persian or English)
Letter of motivation or statement of purpose
Recommendation letters (especially for graduate programs)
Medical certificate proving general health
Research proposal (for Ph.D. applicants)
Apply for a Student Visa (Type S) through the Iranian embassy or consulate after receiving university admission
Visa requirements include:
Admission letter from the Iranian university
Valid passport
Completed visa application form
Visa fee payment
Security clearance (handled by Iranian authorities)
Proof of financial ability or scholarship support
Most universities do not have strict age limits, but for government scholarships, there may be age restrictions (e.g., under 23 for undergraduate, under 30 for postgraduate)
A medical fitness certificate is usually required
Students may need to undergo a medical check-up on arrival
Health insurance is often mandatory (and sometimes provided by the university)
Higher academic performance
Specific fields of study (e.g., engineering, Islamic studies, Persian language)
Additional documentation such as a scholarship application form, essays, or interviews
These scholarships are offered by:
Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT)
Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME)
For Bachelor's, Master's, and PhD programs
Available in a wide range of disciplines (engineering, humanities, Islamic studies, medicine)
Often prioritized for students from Muslim-majority, Asian, African, and developing countries
Full or partial tuition fee waiver
Accommodation (university dormitory)
Health insurance
Monthly stipend (limited)
Persian language course if needed
Strong academic record
Proficiency in Persian or English (depending on the program)
Age and health criteria may apply
Apply through the university of choice
Or directly through the Iranian embassy or consulate in your home country
University of Tehran
Sharif University of Technology
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Allameh Tabataba’i University
Full or partial tuition waivers
Free or subsidized dormitory
Research grants (for graduate students)
Fee reductions for high academic performance
Each university has its own scholarship office, and students must apply separately through the university's website or international office.
This is a fully funded scholarship for students of:
Islamic studies
Philosophy and theology
Persian language and literature
Free tuition
Monthly stipend
Accommodation and meals
Health insurance
Language courses
Airport pick-up and assistance upon arrival
Students from all nationalities, especially from Muslim-majority countries
No prior Persian language required (language training is included)
This government-sponsored foundation supports the promotion of Persian language and literature abroad.
International students learning Persian
Researchers in Iranian studies or Middle Eastern culture
Tuition fees for language courses
Housing (in some programs)
Cultural and academic activities
Offers financial support for international students in:
Engineering
Islamic studies
Humanities
Social sciences
Support includes:
Free or discounted tuition
Accommodation
Language training
Some Iranian universities have Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) with institutions in countries like:
India
Iraq
Pakistan
Syria
Afghanistan
Nigeria
These partnerships allow for short-term study or research exchanges, often free of charge or heavily subsidized.
Valid passport and academic documents
Strong academic performance
Proof of language proficiency (Farsi or English)
Medical certificate
Completed application form and required documents
Recommendation letters (for graduate programs)
Program Level |
Main Intake |
Application Period |
Semester Start |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Undergraduate (BA/BSc) |
September (Fall) |
February – July |
September |
Most common intake; limited spring intake in some universities |
|
|
February (Spring) |
September – December |
February |
Available at selected institutions |
|
Master’s (MA/MSc) |
September (Fall) |
February – July |
September |
Major intake with more program options |
|
|
February (Spring) |
September – December |
February |
Fewer programs compared to fall |
|
PhD Programs |
September (Fall) |
February – July |
September |
Research proposals and supervisor confirmation often required |
|
|
February (Spring) |
September – December |
February |
May be limited to specific departments |
|
Medical Programs (MBBS, Dentistry, Pharmacy) |
September (Fall) |
January – May |
September |
English-medium programs for international students often start in Fall |
|
Persian Language Courses |
Multiple Intakes |
N/A |
Throughout the year |
Intensive and regular courses available year-round |
|
Scholarship Applications |
Depends on the provider |
January – July |
Aligned with academic calendar |
Government and university scholarships follow the main academic calendar |
No. |
University Name |
Description |
Major Course Programs Available |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
University of Tehran |
Iran’s oldest and most prestigious university |
Engineering, Law, Persian Literature, Islamic Studies, Agriculture, Business |
|
2 |
Sharif University of Technology |
Top-ranked in science and engineering |
Electrical, Mechanical, Computer, Civil Engineering, Physics |
|
3 |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) |
Leading medical university in Iran |
MBBS, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Public Health |
|
4 |
Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) |
Known for applied sciences and research |
Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, Chemical, Biomedical Engineering |
|
5 |
Iran University of Science and Technology |
Strong focus on innovation and technology |
Architecture, Engineering, IT, Industrial Design |
|
6 |
Shahid Beheshti University |
Major university for humanities, law, and science |
Law, Political Science, Psychology, Computer Science |
|
7 |
Isfahan University of Technology |
Major hub for agriculture and engineering |
Agricultural Engineering, Mechanical, Chemistry, Environmental Science |
|
8 |
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad |
Offers a wide range of programs with a strong language center |
Persian Language, Literature, Engineering, Islamic Studies |
|
9 |
Shiraz University |
Historically important and academically diverse |
Veterinary, Chemistry, Geology, Humanities, Sciences |
|
10 |
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
Top medical university in southern Iran |
MBBS, Dentistry, Nursing, Nutrition, Midwifery |
|
11 |
University of Tabriz |
Large and diverse academic institution in northwest Iran |
Engineering, Agriculture, Physics, History, Literature |
|
12 |
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences |
Well-known for regional healthcare training |
MBBS, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Public Health |
|
13 |
University of Guilan |
Coastal university with science and marine research focus |
Marine Biology, Environmental Science, Civil Engineering, Art |
|
14 |
University of Mazandaran |
Multidisciplinary university in northern Iran |
Chemistry, Mathematics, Law, Physical Education |
|
15 |
K.N. Toosi University of Technology |
Technical university focused on engineering |
Aerospace, Civil, Mechanical, Electrical Engineering |
|
16 |
Alzahra University (Women’s University) |
Women-only university, strong in humanities |
Psychology, Literature, Islamic Studies, Sociology |
|
17 |
Al-Mustafa International University |
Specialized in Islamic studies for international students |
Islamic Theology, Persian Language, Comparative Religion |
|
18 |
Allameh Tabataba’i University |
Iran’s top university for humanities and social sciences |
Economics, Political Science, Law, Linguistics, Psychology |
|
19 |
Bu-Ali Sina University |
Based in Hamedan with strong programs in natural sciences |
Chemistry, Biology, History, Physics, Engineering |
|
20 |
Imam Khomeini International University |
Focuses on Islamic and international education |
Islamic Studies, Political Science, Engineering, Persian Language |
|
21 |
University of Qom |
Major religious and academic center |
Jurisprudence, Law, Philosophy, Islamic Theology |
|
22 |
Semnan University |
Known for engineering and nanotechnology |
Mechanical, Civil, Nano, Electrical Engineering |
|
23 |
Yazd University |
Located near historic Yazd city, strong in architecture |
Urban Planning, Architecture, Tourism, Renewable Energy |
|
24 |
Urmia University |
Multidisciplinary university in northwest Iran |
Animal Sciences, Agriculture, Environmental Engineering |
|
25 |
Zanjan University |
Regional university with a growing research base |
Chemistry, Physics, Law, Industrial Engineering |
|
26 |
Sahand University of Technology |
Engineering-focused university in Tabriz |
Materials, Mechanical, IT, Mechatronics |
|
27 |
University of Kashan |
Strong in renewable energy and textile engineering |
Physics, Engineering, Textile Tech, Mathematics |
|
28 |
Qazvin Islamic Azad University |
Private university with international partnerships |
Engineering, Business, IT, Management, Art |
|
29 |
Islamic Azad University (Central Tehran Branch) |
One of the largest private universities in Iran |
Business, Engineering, Law, Architecture, Arts |
|
30 |
Tarbiat Modares University |
Graduate-only university focused on research |
Biotech, Agriculture, Social Sciences, Education, Engineering |
No. |
University Name |
Description |
Major Course Programs Available |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
University of Tehran |
Iran’s oldest and most prestigious university; flagship public university |
Engineering, Law, Islamic Studies, Agriculture, Business, Humanities, Social Sciences |
|
2 |
Sharif University of Technology |
Top science and engineering university in Iran; highly competitive |
Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, Chemical, Computer, Aerospace Engineering |
|
3 |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) |
Leading medical university in Iran with many English-taught programs |
MBBS, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Public Health, Nutrition, Biomedical Sciences |
|
4 |
Amirkabir University of Technology |
Known for applied engineering and research; also called Tehran Polytechnic |
Industrial, Electrical, Civil, Computer Engineering, Robotics, Materials Science |
|
5 |
Shahid Beheshti University |
Renowned for law, political science, and natural sciences |
Law, Political Science, Physics, Chemistry, Psychology, Environmental Sciences |
|
6 |
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences |
Leading medical sciences university in Tehran |
Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Public Health, Nursing, Nutrition |
|
7 |
Allameh Tabataba’i University |
Top university for humanities and social sciences |
Economics, Linguistics, Psychology, Law, International Relations, Education |
|
8 |
K. N. Toosi University of Technology |
Highly regarded for technical and engineering disciplines |
Aerospace, Mechanical, Electrical, Civil, IT Engineering |
|
9 |
Alzahra University |
Premier women-only university; strong in humanities and Islamic studies |
Literature, Psychology, Islamic Studies, Sociology, Fine Arts |
|
10 |
Tarbiat Modares University |
Postgraduate-only research university |
Biotechnology, Agriculture, Engineering, Education, Economics, Philosophy |
|
11 |
Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) |
Known for innovation and industrial engineering |
Mechanical, Civil, Computer, Railway, Architecture, Urban Planning |
|
12 |
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences |
Specializes in health, rehabilitation, and psychology |
Clinical Psychology, Rehabilitation, Social Work, Speech Therapy |
|
13 |
University of Art |
Iran’s top institution for art and design studies |
Visual Arts, Performing Arts, Cinema, Architecture, Industrial Design |
|
14 |
Islamic Azad University – Central Tehran Branch |
Largest private university in Iran with diverse programs |
Engineering, Management, Art, Law, Literature, Business, Medical Sciences |
|
15 |
Islamic Azad University – Science & Research Branch |
Known for postgraduate research and international students |
Engineering, Law, Political Science, Economics, Environmental Sciences |
|
16 |
University of Religions and Denominations |
Focuses on comparative religion and Islamic studies |
Comparative Religion, Islamic Theology, Interfaith Studies, Fiqh, Philosophy |
|
17 |
Iran University of Medical Sciences |
Major healthcare university serving central Tehran |
Medicine, Nursing, Physiotherapy, Paramedical Sciences |
|
18 |
Imam Sadiq University |
Religious and social sciences university for elite students |
Islamic Studies, Economics, Political Science, Communication, Theology |
|
19 |
University of Applied Science and Technology – Tehran Branches |
Offers practical and career-oriented education |
Business, IT, Tourism, Management, Graphic Design, Accounting |
|
20 |
Mofid University (Tehran Campus) |
Known for law and Islamic economics |
Law, Philosophy, Economics, Islamic Jurisprudence |
No. |
Course Name |
Average Tuition Fee (USD/year) |
Intake |
Duration |
Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
MBBS (General Medicine) |
$3,000 – $6,000 |
September |
6 years |
12 years of schooling (Science), English proficiency (IELTS/TOEFL or language test) |
|
2 |
BDS (Dentistry) |
$4,000 – $6,500 |
September |
6 years |
12 years of schooling (Science), Science background required |
|
3 |
Pharmacy |
$3,500 – $6,000 |
September |
6 years |
High school diploma in science, English or Persian proficiency |
|
4 |
Civil Engineering |
$1,000 – $2,500 |
September / February |
4 years |
High school diploma (Science or Math stream), entrance exam may apply |
|
5 |
Mechanical Engineering |
$1,000 – $2,500 |
September / February |
4 years |
Math/science background, high school certificate |
|
6 |
Electrical Engineering |
$1,200 – $2,800 |
September / February |
4 years |
High school in science/maths, language test if in English |
|
7 |
Computer Engineering / Computer Science |
$1,200 – $2,800 |
September / February |
4 years |
12 years of schooling, basic programming background is a plus |
|
8 |
Architecture |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
4–5 years |
High school certificate (Science/Arts), design portfolio (optional) |
|
9 |
Business Administration |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September / February |
4 years |
12 years of schooling in any stream |
|
10 |
Economics |
$1,000 – $1,800 |
September |
4 years |
High school diploma, language proficiency |
|
11 |
Psychology |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
High school certificate (any stream) |
|
12 |
Islamic Studies / Theology |
Free – $1,500 |
September / February |
4 years |
Open to all; preference for students from Islamic background |
|
13 |
Persian Language and Literature |
$600 – $1,500 |
September / Rolling |
4 years |
High school certificate; no prior Persian knowledge needed |
|
14 |
Political Science / International Relations |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
High school diploma; English or Persian language proficiency |
|
15 |
Law |
$1,200 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
12 years of schooling, social science background recommended |
|
16 |
Fine Arts / Visual Arts |
$1,000 – $2,500 |
September |
4 years |
High school certificate; art portfolio may be required |
|
17 |
Tourism and Hotel Management |
$800 – $1,500 |
September |
4 years |
Open to all streams, English or Persian knowledge required |
|
18 |
Biology |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
High school (Science), especially for lab-based fields |
|
19 |
Chemistry |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
Science background in high school |
|
20 |
Mathematics / Statistics |
$1,000 – $1,800 |
September |
4 years |
High school (Math stream preferred) |
No. |
Course Name |
Average Tuition Fee (USD/year) |
Intake |
Duration |
Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
MBA (Master of Business Administration) |
$1,200 – $2,500 |
September / February |
2 years |
Bachelor’s degree (any field), English or Persian proficiency |
|
2 |
Civil Engineering |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September / February |
2 years |
BSc in Civil or related field, entrance exam/interview in some cases |
|
3 |
Mechanical Engineering |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September / February |
2 years |
Bachelor’s in Engineering, Math/Physics background |
|
4 |
Electrical Engineering |
$1,500 – $3,500 |
September / February |
2 years |
BSc in Electrical/Electronics/Mechatronics |
|
5 |
Computer Engineering / Computer Science |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September / February |
2 years |
BSc in CS, IT, or Engineering |
|
6 |
Information Technology (IT) |
$1,200 – $2,500 |
September |
2 years |
Bachelor’s in CS, IT, Engineering, or related |
|
7 |
Architecture |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
2–2.5 years |
Bachelor in Architecture or Urban Planning |
|
8 |
Environmental Engineering |
$1,200 – $2,800 |
September |
2 years |
BSc in Environmental, Civil, or Chemical Engineering |
|
9 |
Law (General or International Law) |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
2 years |
Bachelor’s in Law or related fields |
|
10 |
Political Science / International Relations |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
2 years |
BA in Political Science, Law, or Social Sciences |
|
11 |
Economics |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
2 years |
BA in Economics, Commerce, Business |
|
12 |
Islamic Studies / Islamic Philosophy |
Free – $1,500 |
September / February |
2 years |
BA in Islamic Studies, Theology, or related field |
|
13 |
Persian Language and Literature |
$800 – $1,800 |
September / Rolling |
2 years |
BA in Persian or Linguistics (others may require language preparation) |
|
14 |
Psychology (Clinical / General) |
$1,200 – $2,500 |
September |
2 years |
BA in Psychology, Sociology, or related fields |
|
15 |
Educational Sciences / Curriculum Planning |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
2 years |
BA in Education, Psychology, or Social Sciences |
|
16 |
Sociology |
$1,000 – $1,800 |
September |
2 years |
Bachelor’s in Sociology, Social Work, or Humanities |
|
17 |
Public Health |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
2 years |
BSc in Public Health, Nursing, or related health sciences |
|
18 |
Biotechnology |
$1,500 – $3,200 |
September |
2 years |
BSc in Biology, Biochem, Genetics, or Biotechnology |
|
19 |
Pharmacology / Pharmaceutical Sciences |
$2,000 – $3,500 |
September |
2 years |
Bachelor’s in Pharmacy, Biology, Chemistry |
|
20 |
Mathematics / Applied Math / Statistics |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
2 years |
BSc in Math, Statistics, Physics, or Engineering |
No. |
Course Name |
Average Tuition Fee (USD/year) |
Intake |
Duration |
Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
PhD in Islamic Studies |
Free – $1,500 |
September / February |
3–5 years |
MA/MPhil in Islamic Studies or related fields; Persian/Arabic knowledge preferred |
|
2 |
PhD in Persian Language & Literature |
$1,000 – $2,000 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Persian Literature or Linguistics; research proposal required |
|
3 |
PhD in Civil Engineering |
$2,000 – $4,000 |
September / February |
4 years |
MSc in Civil Engineering or related field; thesis and interview |
|
4 |
PhD in Mechanical Engineering |
$2,000 – $4,000 |
September / February |
4 years |
MSc in Mechanical or Applied Engineering; academic publications preferred |
|
5 |
PhD in Electrical Engineering |
$2,000 – $4,500 |
September / February |
4 years |
MSc in Electrical/Electronics; research experience required |
|
6 |
PhD in Computer Science / Engineering |
$2,000 – $4,500 |
September / February |
4 years |
MSc in CS, IT, or related; programming and research portfolio required |
|
7 |
PhD in Architecture / Urban Planning |
$1,800 – $3,500 |
September |
4–5 years |
MA/MSc in Architecture or Urban Design; portfolio + proposal |
|
8 |
PhD in International Relations / Political Science |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Political Science, IR, or related; research proposal needed |
|
9 |
PhD in Economics |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Economics, Development Studies, or related field |
|
10 |
PhD in Law / Jurisprudence |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
3–4 years |
LLM or MA in Law or Islamic Law; thesis proposal required |
|
11 |
PhD in Public Health |
$2,500 – $5,000 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Public Health, Nursing, or Medicine |
|
12 |
PhD in Medical Sciences (Biomedicine, Physiology, etc.) |
$3,000 – $6,000 |
September |
4–5 years |
MSc or MD in related medical field; research background essential |
|
13 |
PhD in Biotechnology |
$2,500 – $4,500 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Biotechnology, Genetics, or Biochemistry |
|
14 |
PhD in Environmental Sciences |
$2,000 – $3,500 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Environmental Science, Ecology, or Geography |
|
15 |
PhD in Chemistry |
$2,000 – $3,500 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Chemistry or Biochemistry; lab/research experience needed |
|
16 |
PhD in Physics |
$2,000 – $4,000 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Physics; thesis proposal required |
|
17 |
PhD in Mathematics / Statistics |
$1,800 – $3,500 |
September |
4 years |
MSc in Mathematics, Statistics, or Applied Math |
|
18 |
PhD in Psychology (Clinical, Educational) |
$2,000 – $3,500 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Psychology; research and clinical experience preferred |
|
19 |
PhD in Educational Sciences |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Education, Curriculum, or related field |
|
20 |
PhD in Sociology / Social Work |
$1,500 – $3,000 |
September |
4 years |
MA in Sociology, Social Sciences, or Anthropology |
Strong Academic Institutions: Top universities like Sharif University of Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, and Iran University of Science and Technology are well-known in the Middle East and Asia for engineering and computing disciplines.
Affordable Tuition: Public universities charge lower tuition fees compared to Western or Gulf countries. Private universities also offer IT programs at competitive rates.
Research Opportunities: Iran is active in areas like AI, cryptography, cloud computing, robotics, and software engineering.
Growing Tech Sector: Tehran and other cities are developing startup ecosystems and hosting tech events that give students exposure to real-world projects.
English-taught Programs: Some Master’s and PhD-level IT and Computer Science programs are offered in English, especially at Sharif, Amirkabir, and Azad University (Science & Research branch).
Bachelor’s Degree (BSc): Duration is 4 years. Requires completion of high school with a science or mathematics background. Language of instruction is usually Persian, with a few exceptions offering English.
Master’s Degree (MSc): Duration is 2 years. Requires a relevant bachelor’s degree and sometimes entrance exams or interviews. English-taught MSc programs are increasingly available.
PhD: Duration is 4 years, focusing on research and dissertation. Requires a relevant master’s degree, research proposal, and often a supervisor’s approval.
Programming (C++, Java, Python)
Algorithms and Data Structures
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Database Systems
Network Security and Cryptography
Software Engineering
Web and Mobile Application Development
Computer Networks and Systems
Data Science and Cloud Computing
Sharif University of Technology (Tehran) – Elite tech institution, strong in AI and software engineering.
Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) – Excellent for applied computer science and IT.
Iran University of Science and Technology – Offers both hardware and software-based programs.
University of Tehran – Offers Computer Engineering, IT, and AI programs.
Allameh Tabataba’i University – Offers IT management and business computing.
Islamic Azad University (Central Tehran & Science & Research branches) – Offers flexible and English-medium options.
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad – Offers IT and computer science with strong research support.
Bachelor’s programs: $1,200 – $2,800 per year
Master’s programs: $1,500 – $3,000 per year
PhD programs: $2,000 – $4,500 per year
Fees may vary by university, course language (English-taught programs are usually more expensive), and level of study.
Most undergraduate programs are in Persian (Farsi); students may need to take a language course before beginning.
Some postgraduate programs are taught in English; English proficiency (e.g., IELTS or TOEFL) is required.
If studying in Persian, international students must complete a Persian language course (often offered by the university).
Bachelor’s: High school diploma (Science or Math stream), good academic record, language proficiency.
Master’s: Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, IT, or related field, recommendation letters, statement of purpose, research proposal (for research-based degrees).
PhD: Master’s degree, academic publications or thesis, supervisor agreement, research proposal.
While work opportunities in Iran for international students are limited by law, students can:
Return to their home country with a recognized degree
Pursue academic or research careers
Use the education to transition into higher degrees or certifications abroad
Participate in international tech collaborations or remote work
Many public universities offer partial or full scholarships to international students.
Scholarships may include tuition waivers, dormitory accommodation, monthly stipends, and language training.
Government scholarships through the Ministry of Science and Ministry of Health are also available for eligible students.
Affordable tuition fees compared to Western or Gulf countries
Access to emerging markets and unique insights into Islamic and regional business environments
Increasing availability of English-taught MBA programs
Opportunities to study Islamic finance, entrepreneurship, public administration, and marketing with a Middle Eastern context
High-quality faculty, many trained abroad or with international experience
Cultural and academic immersion for students from neighboring countries, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East
University of Tehran – Faculty of Management
One of the best MBA programs in the country
Offers specializations in Finance, Marketing, Strategic Management
Sharif University of Technology – Graduate School of Management and Economics (GSME)
Highly regarded for tech-focused MBA programs
Strong emphasis on quantitative skills, operations, and entrepreneurship
Allameh Tabataba’i University
Known for business, economics, and social sciences
Offers MBA and Executive MBA
Islamic Azad University (Central Tehran & Science and Research Branches)
Flexible study schedules and English-medium options available
Large international student population
Amirkabir University of Technology – School of Management, Science and Technology
Strong in operations management and business analytics
Khatam University (Tehran)
Offers MBA programs in English
Focuses on modern business trends and international management
Duration: 2 years (4 semesters)
Credits: Typically 36–42 credit hours
Language of Instruction: Mostly Persian, but some universities offer English-taught MBAs
Coursework includes:
Marketing
Strategic Management
Financial Management
Organizational Behavior
Business Ethics
Islamic Banking & Finance (in some programs)
Entrepreneurship
Operations Management
Public universities: $1,200 – $2,500 per year
Private universities (like Azad or Khatam): $2,000 – $3,500 per year
Fees vary based on:
Language (English-taught programs cost more)
University ranking and location
Student’s nationality (discounts for students from Muslim-majority or friendly countries)
Bachelor’s degree (in any field; business or management preferred but not required)
Minimum GPA: Around 2.5–3.0 on a 4.0 scale
Language proficiency:
English-taught programs: IELTS (5.5–6.5) or TOEFL (IBT 70+)
Persian-taught programs: Persian language certificate or completion of a preparatory course in Iran
Statement of purpose and letters of recommendation
Some universities may require an entrance test or interview
University-based scholarships for high-performing international students
Government scholarships (Ministry of Science) for students from developing countries
Coverage may include:
Partial or full tuition waiver
Dormitory accommodation
Health insurance
In limited cases, a monthly stipend
Main intake: September
Secondary intake: February (limited universities)
Application period: January to July (for fall intake)
Visa: Apply for a Type S Student Visa after receiving your university admission letter
International students usually return to their home countries for job opportunities
MBA graduates can work in:
Banking and finance
Business development
Supply chain management
Entrepreneurship and startups
Consulting
Degrees are recognized across Asia, Africa, and the Islamic world
Note: Iran currently does not permit work visas for international students during or after study, so plan to use your MBA to advance your career elsewhere.
Low tuition fees and affordable cost of living
Quality education in fields like engineering, medical sciences, IT, physics, environmental sciences, and Islamic studies
Well-established public universities with international recognition in the region
Scholarship opportunities for students from developing and Muslim-majority countries
Some programs offered in English, especially at postgraduate levels
Strong research ecosystem, particularly in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) fields
Engineering (Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, Industrial, Aerospace)
Computer Science and IT
Environmental Science and Engineering
Biotechnology and Molecular Biology
Physics and Mathematics
Public Health and Medical Sciences
Pharmaceutical Sciences
Economics and Business Administration
Islamic Studies and Persian Literature
University of Tehran – Offers MS degrees in a wide range of sciences, engineering, agriculture, and social sciences.
Sharif University of Technology – Known for high-quality MS programs in engineering and computer science.
Amirkabir University of Technology – Strong in applied sciences and industrial research.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) – Offers English-taught MS programs in health sciences, public health, and pharmacy.
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad – Popular among international students for science and humanities.
Iran University of Science and Technology – Offers MS in technical and industrial fields.
Tarbiat Modares University – Graduate-only university focused on research and innovation.
Islamic Azad University (Science and Research Branch) – Offers flexible MS programs, including English-medium options.
Duration: 2 years (4 semesters)
Includes coursework, seminars, and a thesis or research project
Research-based or mixed (coursework + research) depending on the university
Persian (Farsi) is the primary language for most programs
English-taught MS programs are available, especially in medicine, engineering, and IT
Students who are not fluent in Persian may be required to complete a language preparation course
Public Universities: $1,200 – $2,500 per year
Private Universities (e.g., Azad University): $2,000 – $3,500 per year
Medical/Science Programs: May cost more, depending on lab access and program type
A recognized bachelor’s degree in a relevant field
Minimum GPA requirement (usually 2.5 – 3.0 on a 4.0 scale)
Language proficiency:
English programs: IELTS (5.5–6.5), TOEFL (IBT 70+)
Persian programs: Basic proficiency in Farsi or willingness to study it
Recommendation letters, statement of purpose, and sometimes an interview or entrance exam
Research proposal for research-focused programs
Main intake: September
Secondary intake: February (limited programs and universities)
Application timeline: January to June for September intake
Early application is advised, especially for those seeking scholarships
Government Scholarships
Provided by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology
Covers tuition, accommodation, health insurance, and a monthly stipend
Focused on students from friendly countries and developing nations
University Scholarships
Offered by top public universities to high-achieving students
May cover tuition fees partially or fully
Based on academic merit, research background, or need
Al-Mustafa International University (for Islamic Studies)
Fully funded MS programs for Islamic theology, philosophy, and Persian literature
PhD programs in Iran or abroad
Academic or research positions
Government and private sector jobs in technical or analytical roles
Positions in international development, education, or health sectors (depending on field)
Note: Iran currently does not offer post-study work visas, so international students usually return home or apply for further studies.
MBBS (General Medicine)
Dentistry
Pharmacy
Public Health
Biomedical Sciences
Medical Laboratory Sciences
Nursing (in select universities)
Top Institutions:
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Iran University of Medical Sciences
These universities have dedicated international campuses and offer full programs in English, often recognized by WHO and listed in international directories.
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Information Technology
Nanotechnology
Aerospace Engineering
Top Institutions:
Sharif University of Technology
Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)
Iran University of Science and Technology
University of Tehran (select graduate programs)
Islamic Azad University (Science and Research Branch)
Most of these universities offer English-language Master’s and Ph.D. programs, with thesis options and active research labs.
MBA (Master of Business Administration)
International Business
Marketing
Finance and Banking
Islamic Finance (in some programs)
Economics
Top Institutions:
University of Tehran – Faculty of Management
Sharif University of Technology – Graduate School of Management and Economics
Islamic Azad University (Science & Research Branch)
Khatam University (private, English-medium focus)
Physics
Mathematics
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Environmental Science
Geology
Top Institutions:
University of Tehran
Tarbiat Modares University
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Shahid Beheshti University
Sharif University of Technology
Software Engineering
Artificial Intelligence
Cybersecurity
Data Science
Information Systems
Computer Networks
Top Institutions:
Amirkabir University of Technology
Sharif University of Technology
University of Tehran
Azad University (Science & Research Branch)
Islamic Studies (select courses in English or Arabic)
Political Science
International Relations
Comparative Religion
Persian Literature (for foreign learners)
Top Institutions:
Al-Mustafa International University (Qom)
University of Religions and Denominations
Allameh Tabataba’i University
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Bachelor’s: Mainly in medical fields (MBBS, Pharmacy, Dentistry); limited English-taught engineering or business programs.
Master’s (MS/MSc/MBA): Widely available in engineering, IT, business, health sciences, and some social sciences.
Ph.D.: Available in many fields, especially engineering, science, and Islamic studies; often research-based.
Recognized academic degree (High school for undergrad, BA/BSc for Master’s, etc.)
English proficiency test:
IELTS (usually 5.5–6.5)
TOEFL iBT (minimum 70–90)
Some universities accept alternatives or conduct their own English test
Transcripts, passport copy, recommendation letters, and statement of purpose
For Ph.D. programs: Research proposal and supervisor acceptance
Undergraduate Medical (MBBS, Pharmacy, Dentistry): $3,000 – $6,000/year
Engineering/Science (Master’s and Ph.D.): $1,500 – $4,000/year
Business (MBA/Finance): $1,800 – $3,500/year
Islamic Studies / Humanities: Often lower or fully funded
Iranian government scholarships (for students from friendly or Muslim-majority countries)
University-based scholarships (covering tuition, housing, and stipends)
Al-Mustafa University and Saadi Foundation scholarships for Islamic studies and Persian language
Some universities offer merit-based discounts for international students
Main intake: September
Secondary intake: February (limited programs)
Application period: January to June (for fall intake)
Completion of 12 years of formal education (equivalent to high school)
Academic transcripts translated into English or Persian
Most public universities do not require an entrance exam for international students.
Some competitive fields like medicine, engineering, or law may require a university-specific entrance test or interview.
Students entering Persian-medium programs must pass a Persian language proficiency test (or take a preparatory language course).
These are competitive and often require:
High school science background (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
Good academic performance (especially in science subjects)
University entrance tests (in some medical universities)
English proficiency (for English-medium programs)
Some medical universities like Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences may conduct:
An online interview
A basic science entrance test
A review of GPA and science scores
A Bachelor’s degree in a relevant field
Academic transcripts
Statement of purpose and recommendation letters
No nationwide exam for international applicants
Some top universities (e.g., Sharif, Amirkabir, University of Tehran) may require:
A written test in the subject area
An interview (online or in-person)
Language proficiency:
For English-taught programs: IELTS (5.5–6.5) or TOEFL (iBT 70–90)
For Persian-taught programs: Persian language test or completion of a preparatory course
A Master’s degree in a relevant field
Research proposal aligned with faculty interests
Academic CV and published papers (if available)
Subject-specific exams or interviews are often required
Universities typically assess:
Academic background
Quality of the research proposal
Language ability
Match with available supervisors
Most universities require students to pass a Persian Language Proficiency Test
Alternatively, students must enroll in a language preparatory course (6 months to 1 year) before starting their degree
IELTS: Minimum 5.5 to 6.5
TOEFL iBT: 70–90
Some universities accept:
Medium of instruction certificate (if you studied in English previously)
Internal English language placement test
For institutions like Al-Mustafa International University (Qom) or the University of Religions and Denominations:
No academic entrance exam
May require:
A basic Islamic knowledge test
An interview
Persian or Arabic language assessment
Category |
Cost Range (USD/month) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Accommodation (Dormitory) |
$50 – $150 |
University dormitories are subsidized and most affordable |
|
Private Accommodation |
$150 – $300 |
Shared apartments in major cities like Tehran may cost more |
|
Food & Groceries |
$100 – $200 |
Cooking at home is cheaper; local food markets are budget-friendly |
|
Transportation |
$10 – $30 |
Public transport is cheap; monthly metro/bus pass costs around $5–$10 |
|
Internet & Mobile |
$10 – $20 |
Unlimited broadband costs ~$10; SIM card and data packages are affordable |
|
Utilities (Electricity, Water, Gas) |
$10 – $30 |
Often included in rent for dormitories; separate in private housing |
|
Clothing & Laundry |
$10 – $30 |
Depends on lifestyle; laundromats or self-service in dorms |
|
Books & Study Materials |
$10 – $20 |
Varies by program and university |
|
Entertainment & Leisure |
$20 – $50 |
Includes cinema, cafés, occasional travel, and events |
|
Health Insurance |
$5 – $15 |
Often covered by university; private insurance available |
$250 – $600 USD/month, depending on location, lifestyle, and housing choice.
Living in university dorms and using public transportation will keep costs at the lower end.
Cities like Tehran and Isfahan are more expensive than smaller cities like Qom, Mashhad, or Yazd.
Completed university application form
Available on the university’s official website or through the international office
High School Diploma (for Bachelor’s programs)
Bachelor’s Degree Certificate (for Master’s programs)
Master’s Degree Certificate (for Ph.D. programs)
Academic transcripts for each level of completed education
All documents must be:
Officially translated into English or Persian
Notarized or authenticated
A valid passport with at least 12 months’ validity
Scanned copy of the main passport page
For English-taught programs:
IELTS (usually 5.5–6.5) or TOEFL (iBT 70+)
For Persian-taught programs:
Persian Language Proficiency Certificate (if available)
Or willingness to attend a Persian language preparatory course
Usually 2 to 4 recent passport-sized photos
White background, standard size (3x4 or 4x6 cm)
A personal essay explaining:
Why you want to study in Iran
Your academic interests and career goals
Why you chose the specific university and program
Typically 2 academic recommendation letters (for Master’s and Ph.D. programs)
Must be from professors or academic advisors
Especially important for Master’s and Ph.D. applicants
Should include academic background, work experience, research, skills, and publications (if any)
A well-structured research plan aligned with the intended field of study
Must include objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes
Should align with the interests of a potential supervisor (if required by the university)
General medical certificate showing physical and mental fitness
Some universities may request HIV test, tuberculosis screening, or vaccination records
Proof of ability to cover tuition and living expenses
Or official letter of scholarship/sponsorship from a government or funding body
Some universities may ask for a letter of support or clearance from the Iranian embassy or the student’s home embassy
Start by identifying:
The program you want to study (e.g., MBBS, Engineering, MBA, Islamic Studies)
The level of study (Bachelor’s, Master’s, or Ph.D.)
The language of instruction (Persian or English)
The university that offers your desired course
Top Universities for International Students:
University of Tehran
Sharif University of Technology
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Al-Mustafa International University (for Islamic Studies)
Islamic Azad University (Science & Research Branch)
Visit the university’s official international admissions page and check:
Application deadlines (usually between January and July for September intake)
Required documents
Language requirements (IELTS/TOEFL for English, Persian certificate or prep course for Farsi programs)
Specific entrance exams, interviews, or portfolio requirements (if any)
Commonly required documents:
Completed application form
Passport copy
Academic certificates and transcripts (translated into English or Persian)
Language proficiency test (IELTS, TOEFL, or Persian test)
Statement of Purpose (SOP)
Letters of recommendation (for Master’s or Ph.D.)
CV or resume
Research proposal (for Ph.D. applicants)
Medical certificate
Passport-size photographs
Make sure documents are certified and officially translated if not already in English or Persian.
You can usually apply through:
The university’s online application portal
By emailing the documents to the university’s international office
In some cases, through the Iranian embassy or cultural center in your home country
If applying for a government scholarship, check with the Ministry of Science or Ministry of Health.
You may be contacted for an online interview or subject test (especially for graduate programs).
Admission letters are typically issued within 4 to 8 weeks after application review.
If accepted, you will receive a formal admission letter or letter of eligibility needed to apply for your student visa.
Once admitted:
Submit your visa application to the Iranian embassy or consulate in your country.
Provide:
Admission letter
Valid passport
Visa application form
Visa fee
Passport-sized photos
The university and Ministry of Foreign Affairs will coordinate to issue your student visa approval code.
After visa approval:
Travel to Iran and report to the university’s International Students Office
Complete your registration and enrollment
Submit any additional documents
If required, attend a Persian language preparation course
Score (Out of 20) |
Equivalent Grade |
Performance Description |
|---|---|---|
|
18 – 20 |
A / Excellent |
Outstanding performance |
|
16 – 17.99 |
B+ / Very Good |
Above average, strong performance |
|
14 – 15.99 |
B / Good |
Satisfactory performance |
|
12 – 13.99 |
C / Fair |
Pass, but may require improvement |
|
10 – 11.99 |
D / Minimum Pass |
Lowest passing grade |
|
Below 10 |
F / Fail |
Failure, must retake the course |
Passing grade: 10/20 (for most undergraduate courses)
Minimum required for graduate-level courses: Often 12/20 or higher
Some universities may convert grades to a GPA on a 4.0 scale for international reporting, especially for transcripts sent abroad. Here is a general equivalence:
Iran Grade (Out of 20) |
Approx. GPA (4.0 Scale) |
|---|---|
|
18 – 20 |
4.0 |
|
16 – 17.99 |
3.7 – 3.9 |
|
14 – 15.99 |
3.0 – 3.5 |
|
12 – 13.99 |
2.5 – 2.9 |
|
10 – 11.99 |
2.0 – 2.4 |
|
Below 10 |
0 – 1.9 |
Note: GPA conversions may vary slightly by institution or international credential evaluation services.
A student's final grade in a course typically includes:
Midterm exam: 20–30%
Final exam: 40–60%
Assignments and presentations: 10–20%
Participation or attendance: May be considered
At the postgraduate and Ph.D. levels, thesis research, publications, and oral defenses are also graded on the 0–20 scale.
Students must maintain a minimum GPA (typically around 12/20 for Master’s and 14/20 for Ph.D.) to continue in good academic standing.
Repeated failure in courses can result in academic probation or dismissal.
While not standardized across all universities, some institutions award honors based on GPA:
With Distinction: GPA 17.00–20.00
With Merit: GPA 15.00–16.99
Pass: GPA 10.00–14.99
Structured and rigorous: Iranian universities emphasize discipline, attendance, and academic performance.
Lectures and labs: Most courses involve a mix of theory and practical application.
Language: Most undergraduate programs are taught in Persian (Farsi); many postgraduate programs are offered in English, especially in medical and engineering fields.
Support for international students: Most universities have International Student Offices to assist with enrollment, visas, housing, and academic advising.
Cultural immersion: Iran is home to a rich history, traditional arts, classical music, and world-famous poetry. Students often engage in cultural festivals, historical tours, and university events.
Dress code: Modest clothing is required by law. Female students must wear the hijab, and both men and women must dress conservatively in public.
Gender norms: University campuses are generally gender-segregated in terms of dormitories and some classroom settings, but academic interaction is common.
Hospitality: Iranian people are famously hospitable. Many international students report a welcoming and respectful environment, especially from locals.
Iran is very affordable compared to many other countries.
Students can live on $250–$600 per month, depending on the city and lifestyle.
University dormitories, subsidized meals, and public transport help reduce daily expenses.
Tehran is more expensive than smaller cities like Qom, Mashhad, or Yazd.
Dormitories: Most public universities offer shared dormitories for international students. These are cost-effective, secure, and well-maintained.
Private housing: Students can also rent apartments, especially for family or long-term stays.
Facilities: Dorms usually provide Wi-Fi, kitchens, study areas, and laundry rooms.
Iranian cuisine is diverse and affordable. Staples include rice, kebabs, stews, fresh bread, and herbs.
Most universities have on-campus canteens or student kitchens.
Students can eat well on $2–$5 per meal at local eateries or street vendors.
Vegetarian options are available, though limited outside major cities.
Public transport is widespread and affordable: metro, buses, and taxis are commonly used.
Tehran has an efficient metro system with student discounts.
In smaller cities, walking or shared taxis (called savari) are common.
Persian (Farsi) is the official language, and learning it enhances your daily experience.
Many younger Iranians and university staff can communicate in basic English, especially in urban areas.
Universities often provide language training programs for international students.
Iran is generally safe for international students. Violent crime is rare.
Political protests may occur occasionally, but universities are typically calm and secure.
Students are expected to respect local laws and customs, especially regarding dress, public behavior, and political speech.
Iran is an Islamic country, and religious practices are part of daily life.
There are mosques on or near most campuses, and prayer facilities are available.
Students of different faiths are respected but must comply with cultural norms in public spaces.
Universities host student clubs, sports teams, cultural festivals, and seminars.
Popular activities include:
Hiking and nature trips
Learning Persian calligraphy or music
Volunteering in local communities
Visiting historical and cultural sites (e.g., Isfahan, Persepolis, Yazd)
Internet access is available on campuses and in dorms.
Some international websites and social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, YouTube) are restricted but can be accessed using VPNs, which are widely used by students.
Language barrier: Persian is essential for daily life; learning it early helps greatly.
Cultural adaptation: Students may need time to adjust to Iranian norms, especially around gender, dress, and public behavior.
Limited part-time work: Iran doesn’t officially allow international students to work during their studies.
Affordable Education: Tuition and living costs in Iran are significantly lower than in Western countries or even private universities in India.
Quality Medical and Engineering Programs: Iran’s medical universities (like TUMS) and tech institutions (like Sharif University of Technology) are highly respected in the region.
Cultural & Religious Affinity: Especially for students from Muslim communities or those interested in Persian language and Islamic studies.
Scholarships: Indian students are eligible for government-funded scholarships, especially in Persian literature and Islamic studies.
No Language Barrier for Some Fields: Many medical and postgraduate programs are offered in English.
MBBS (General Medicine) – Offered in English in universities like Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Dentistry and Pharmacy
Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Computer Science)
Islamic Theology and Philosophy – Particularly at Al-Mustafa International University (Qom)
Persian Language and Literature
Political Science and International Relations
Postgraduate Degrees (MSc, MA, Ph.D.) in various disciplines
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Sharif University of Technology
University of Tehran
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Al-Mustafa International University (Qom)
Islamic Azad University (Science & Research Branch, Tehran)
12th grade completion for undergraduate programs (especially science stream for MBBS)
Bachelor’s degree for postgraduate studies
Language Proficiency:
IELTS/TOEFL for English-taught programs
Persian proficiency or willingness to take a language course for Persian-taught programs
Academic transcripts, passport copy, and SOP are essential
Tuition Fees:
MBBS: $3,000–$6,000/year
Engineering: $1,200–$2,500/year
Humanities/Islamic Studies: $500–$1,500/year (often subsidized or free)
Living Expenses:
$250–$600/month depending on city and lifestyle
Dormitories are affordable and often subsidized by universities
Indian students can apply for:
Government scholarships (Ministry of Science, Ministry of Health)
University-based scholarships (offered by major public universities)
Al-Mustafa University full scholarships for religious studies
Scholarships may cover tuition, accommodation, monthly stipend, and language training
Indian students often form tight-knit communities in cities like Tehran, Qom, Mashhad, and Shiraz
Vegetarian food is available, though limited compared to India
Indian cultural events and religious gatherings are often celebrated on campuses and in local communities
Female students are required to follow Iran’s dress code, including wearing a hijab
Most students report a safe and respectful environment, especially within university settings
After receiving an admission letter, students apply for a Type S Student Visa
The Iranian embassy in New Delhi, Mumbai, or Hyderabad facilitates student visa processing
Visa approval may take 4 to 6 weeks
Language barrier: Learning basic Persian (Farsi) is essential for daily life
Cultural adaptation: Dress codes, gender segregation, and public behavior norms are stricter than in India
Limited work opportunities: Iran does not allow international students to work off-campus
Most Indian students return to India or move to other countries for further studies or employment
Degrees in medicine, engineering, and Islamic studies from recognized universities are respected in India and many Asian and African countries
Students can also pursue Ph.D. programs or academic roles after graduation
You must first apply to and be accepted by a recognized Iranian university.
Upon acceptance, the university will issue an official admission or acceptance letter, which is essential for your visa application.
A passport with at least 12 months of validity beyond your planned entry into Iran.
Provide clear scanned copies of the identification page(s).
Available from the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) or the Iranian embassy/consulate in your home country.
Some universities may also assist in completing and submitting this form on your behalf.
Typically 2 to 4 photos required
Standard size with white background
Your university will usually apply for visa authorization through the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Once approved, an authorization code is sent to the Iranian embassy or consulate in your home country.
Evidence that you can cover tuition fees and living expenses while studying in Iran.
Can include:
Bank statements
Scholarship letters (if applicable)
Sponsorship letters
Copies of transcripts, diplomas, or certificates (translated into Persian or English and notarized)
Depending on your level of study:
High school diploma (for Bachelor’s)
Bachelor’s degree (for Master’s)
Master’s degree (for Ph.D.)
A general health certificate may be required for long-term visa applicants.
Some students may be asked to provide test results for tuberculosis, HIV, or hepatitis, depending on university or embassy policy.
Visa processing fee depends on your nationality and local embassy rates.
Paid at the Iranian embassy or consulate when collecting your visa.
Police clearance certificate or background check (for long-term stays or specific scholarships)
Letter from your home country’s embassy (for certain scholarship or religious programs)
After submitting all required documents, processing typically takes 2 to 6 weeks.
Delays can occur depending on security clearance, nationality, or incomplete documentation.
Upon arrival:
Register at your university’s International Student Office
Obtain a residence permit (student ID card) for legal stay in Iran beyond the initial visa period
May be asked to undergo a medical check-up and register with local police
Student visas are usually issued for 3 to 12 months and are renewable annually.
Your university will assist in renewing your visa and updating your residence permit.
You cannot enter Iran as a tourist and switch to a student visa—you must obtain a student visa before entering.
Make sure to keep copies of all submitted documents, and always confirm requirements with the Iranian embassy or university’s international office.
According to Iranian immigration and labor laws, foreign students are not permitted to work off-campus or hold general part-time jobs in Iran.
Working without a permit can lead to visa violations, penalties, or deportation.
However, there are exceptions and informal opportunities, especially in academic, research, or university settings.
Some universities may allow international students to work on campus in the following roles:
Teaching Assistant (TA) for undergraduate courses
Research Assistant (RA) for professors or research projects
Library or administrative assistant in university departments
Language tutor (especially English, Urdu, or Arabic, depending on demand)
These positions are often stipend-based and limited to a few hours per week.
In postgraduate or research-heavy programs (especially in STEM and medical sciences), students may be offered short-term internships or project-based roles:
University-affiliated labs or research centers
Public health campaigns (for medical students)
Software development or IT research groups (in tech universities)
These are usually non-commercial, academic in nature, and may offer small stipends or research credits.
Some international students engage in small-scale, informal part-time work, such as:
Language tutoring (teaching English, Hindi, or Urdu to Iranians)
Translation work (if fluent in Persian and another language)
Freelancing online (if working remotely with clients outside Iran)
Caution: These are not legally protected, and you are responsible for any risks or violations.
While foreign students cannot officially register a business in Iran, many engage in online freelance or remote work, such as:
Graphic design
Programming
Digital marketing
Translation and writing
As long as the work is done online and payment is received through non-Iranian platforms, it does not typically fall under local labor regulations—but it remains a gray area, and discretion is advised.
Iran does not issue post-study work visas for international students.
Students must leave the country upon graduation, unless they obtain a different type of visa (e.g., work, family, or religious).
Opportunities for foreign nationals to work legally in Iran after graduation are very limited, and require employer sponsorship and Ministry approval.
A Type E visa is issued to foreign nationals who have secured a job offer from an Iranian employer and are authorized by the Iranian Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare.
A valid job offer from an Iranian company or organization
Employer must obtain a work permit on behalf of the applicant
The position should be one that cannot be easily filled by an Iranian national
Applicant must have relevant qualifications and experience
Copy of passport (valid for at least 12 months)
Job contract or employment letter
Copy of educational qualifications
Employer’s company license and registration
Approved work permit from the Ministry of Labour
Recent passport-size photographs
Medical certificate (may be required)
Typically 4–8 weeks after the employer submits documents and receives clearance from relevant ministries
Issued for 1 year, renewable annually
Visa holders are allowed to live and work legally in Iran
No automatic post-study work visa exists
Graduates must return to their home country unless:
They are offered a job by an Iranian employer
The employer applies for a work permit and converts the visa type
There is no post-study work visa pathway like in Canada or Australia
Iran does not offer a broad, open permanent residency program for foreign nationals. However, PR or long-term residence may be granted under specific conditions.
Foreign spouses of Iranian citizens can apply for residency and eventually Iranian citizenship
Children of Iranian mothers and foreign fathers can now also apply for Iranian nationality
Religious scholars, students, and clerics studying in Iran may be granted long-term residence through organizations like Al-Mustafa International University
This does not always lead to full PR or citizenship
In rare cases, foreign nationals who invest significantly in Iranian industries or real estate may qualify for 5-year renewable residency
Requires approval from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance
Individuals who contribute to science, research, or national interest may be awarded honorary citizenship or long-term residency by the Iranian government
No dual citizenship: Iran does not recognize dual nationality (except in rare cases)
Limited path to citizenship: Citizenship is difficult to obtain unless by marriage or ancestry
No open immigration programs: Unlike Canada or Australia, Iran does not have points-based or skilled migration pathways
Restricted job market: Most jobs in Iran are reserved for Iranian citizens; few sectors hire foreigners
Field of Study |
Potential Employers in Iran |
Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Engineering (Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, etc.) |
- MAPNA Group (Energy & Power) |
Engineering students may find opportunities in infrastructure, energy, or manufacturing sectors. |
|
Computer Science / IT |
- Fanap Co. (ICT solutions) |
Iran’s tech startup ecosystem is growing; many graduates work in software, AI, and data science. |
|
Medicine / Health Sciences |
- Public hospitals affiliated with medical universities |
Work is mostly limited to Iranian citizens; international graduates often return home or enter academia. |
|
Pharmacy / Biomedical |
- Darou Pakhsh (Pharmaceuticals) |
Graduates often work in research, formulation, or drug manufacturing companies. |
|
Business / MBA |
- Bank Melli Iran |
Jobs in finance, marketing, or management; Persian language skills required for most roles. |
|
Islamic Studies / Theology |
- Al-Mustafa International University |
Graduates often take roles in teaching, translation, or religious institutions, mostly outside Iran. |
|
Environmental Science / Agriculture |
- Department of Environment (DOE) |
Focus on sustainability, irrigation, and environmental policy projects. |
|
Architecture / Urban Planning |
- Iranian Construction Engineering Organization |
Local firms hire graduates for urban design, heritage conservation, and civil planning. |
Tuition fees are much lower compared to Western or Gulf countries.
Living expenses are also modest, with student budgets ranging from $250–$600/month.
Strong academic programs in engineering, medicine, Islamic studies, Persian literature, and nuclear sciences.
Universities like Sharif University of Technology, University of Tehran, and TUMS are well-respected in the region.
Iran offers fully and partially funded scholarships, especially for students from developing and Muslim-majority countries.
Scholarships often cover tuition, accommodation, stipends, and language training.
Deeply rooted in Persian civilization, Islamic heritage, and world-famous literature.
Great opportunity for students interested in cultural studies, philosophy, or international relations.
Ideal destination for students pursuing Islamic studies, Shi’a theology, or Quranic sciences.
Universities like Al-Mustafa International University offer fully funded religious programs.
Active in nanotechnology, medical research, and environmental science.
Opportunities for academic publishing and postgraduate research exist in many STEM fields.
Iranian people are known for their hospitality and respect for foreign students.
Major university cities like Tehran, Qom, Mashhad, and Isfahan are generally safe.
Most undergraduate programs are in Persian (Farsi).
English-taught courses are limited, mostly at the postgraduate level.
International students often need to complete 6–12 months of Persian language training.
Mandatory dress code, especially for women (hijab and modest clothing).
Restrictions on social behavior, freedom of speech, and gender interaction may feel limiting to some students.
No official part-time work permits for international students.
Post-study work visa or PR options are extremely limited.
Students typically cannot stay in Iran to work after graduation.
Some websites and platforms (e.g., Facebook, YouTube) are blocked.
VPNs are widely used but may affect browsing speed and stability.
While Iranian degrees are well-regarded regionally, international recognition may vary.
For medical students: Ensure the university is listed by WHO or recognized by MCI/NMC (India), PMDC (Pakistan), etc.
Visa procedures, document authentication, and residence permits may involve delays and complex steps.
Communication can sometimes be challenging due to language or administrative differences.
